Vitiligo is a long‑term skin condition that causes patches of skin to lose their colour. It happens when pigment‑producing cells (called melanocytes) stop working or are destroyed. Vitiligo is not contagious and cannot be passed from person to person.

Vitiligo affects people of all ages, genders, and ethnic backgrounds. The appearance and progression of the condition vary widely from one person to another, which means everyone’s experience of vitiligo is different.

This page provides an overview of vitiligo and signposts you to more detailed information across the site.

Vitiligo causes white or lighter patches to appear on the skin due to the loss of pigment. It may also affect hair, causing it to turn white or grey, and can involve mucosal areas such as the lips.

Vitiligo is usually described as an autoimmune condition, meaning the immune system mistakenly targets the body’s own pigment cells. The exact cause is not fully understood, and vitiligo is not caused by infection, diet, or poor health.

Vitiligo affects around 0.5–2% of the global population. It can begin at any age, though many people develop vitiligo before the age of 30. The condition occurs in all skin tones. Because vitiligo affects pigment, it may be more noticeable on darker skin, but it can have a significant emotional and psychological impact regardless of skin colour.

Vitiligo affects more than just the skin. While it does not usually cause physical pain or illness, it can affect confidence, self‑esteem, and mental wellbeing.

People with vitiligo may experience:

Support, reliable information, and understanding can make a meaningful difference.

No. Vitiligo varies in:

There are different types of vitiligo, and understanding the type you have can be helpful when discussing management or treatment options.

→ Learn more about the different types of vitiligo

Vitiligo is usually diagnosed by a healthcare professional based on examination of the skin and medical history. In some cases, referral to a dermatologist may be needed.

Diagnosis is an important step in understanding your condition and discussing possible next steps.

→ Find out more about how vitiligo is diagnosed

There is currently no cure for vitiligo, but there are treatment and support options that some people choose to explore. These may aim to restore pigment, slow progression, or help people feel more confident in daily life.

Choosing whether to pursue treatment is a personal decision, and not everyone with vitiligo chooses medical treatment.

→ Explore vitiligo treatments and support options

Ongoing research continues to improve understanding of vitiligo and develop new treatment approaches. Clinical guidance helps shape how vitiligo is managed within healthcare systems.

Some people may also choose to take part in clinical trials.

→ Learn about vitiligo clinical trials
→ Read about clinical guidance for vitiligo

You may find the following pages helpful:

The Vitiligo Society provides trusted information, support, and community for people affected by vitiligo. Whether you are newly diagnosed or have lived with vitiligo for many years, you are not alone.